美国：出发前须知
要点
- Visa Waiver travellers need an approved ESTA before boarding — apply only at esta.cbp.dhs.gov (fee USD 40.62 since 16 Oct 2026); third-party sites charge much more.
- Anyone who visited Cuba since 12 Jan 2021 (or Iran, Iraq, Syria, Sudan, Libya, Somalia, Yemen, North Korea since 2011) can't use ESTA and needs a visa.
- Border officers may inspect phones and social media; refusal can lead to denied entry. The social-media question on ESTA is still optional (mandatory version proposed, not in force).
- Medical care is extremely expensive — buy travel insurance with high medical limits (USD 500k+ recommended).
- Cannabis is illegal under federal law (incl. airports and borders) even where states allow it; admitting use can lead to refusal.
入境与签证
UK and most EU citizens use the Visa Waiver Program: ESTA (USD 40.62, valid 2 years or until passport expiry) for stays up to 90 days. Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Ukraine, China, India, Turkey and UAE citizens need a B1/B2 visa (USD 185 application fee). A USD 250 'visa integrity fee' is legislated but, as of late Oct 2026, not yet collected. Chinese 10-year visa holders must update EVUS (USD 31.75).
在线入境表格与许可
- ESTA (Electronic System for Travel Authorization) ↗ 必填
At least 72 hours before departure (ideally when booking) · 费用：USD 40.62 (from 16 Oct 2026) · Visa Waiver Program nationals (UK, most EU, etc.) - EVUS ↗ 必填
Before travel; valid 2 years or until visa/passport expiry · 费用：USD 31.75 · Chinese passport holders with a 10-year B1/B2 visa
护照有效期: Valid for the whole stay (VWP travellers need an e-passport). Many nationalities need 6 months beyond the stay.
边检可能要求
- Fingerprints and photo taken; answer questions about purpose, address and return ticket.
- Check your I-94 record online after entry to confirm your admitted-until date.
- Officers may examine electronic devices.
海关
- Declare cash or monetary instruments over USD 10,000.
- Declare all food, plants and animal products; meat, fresh fruit and many dairy items are prohibited — undeclared items bring fines.
- Don't bring cannabis or CBD products, even if legal at origin or destination state.
- Prescription medicines in original containers; carry the prescription.
核实于 2026年10月29日 · 来源: esta.cbp.dhs.gov ↗, travel.state.gov ↗, cbp.gov ↗, gov.uk ↗, govinfo.gov ↗
钱
几乎处处可刷卡. 银行卡几乎处处可用.
支付网络：Visa, Mastercard, Amex, Diners, JCB, UnionPay
Apple Pay — 可用 · Google Pay — 可用
哪里换钱划算
- Withdraw USD from bank ATMs (Chase, Bank of America, Wells Fargo, etc.) with a low-fee card
- Pay by card everywhere — most places are cashless-friendly
哪里不宜换钱
- Airport currency kiosks
- Exchanging cash at US banks (often only for account holders, poor rates)
- Dynamic currency conversion
自动取款机: ATM owners charge USD 3–6 per withdrawal plus your bank's fee; stand-alone ATMs in shops/bars charge the most.
小费: Expected: 18–22% at sit-down restaurants and bars (USD 1–2 per drink), 15–20% taxis/rideshare, USD 2–5/night housekeeping. Sales tax is added at checkout, not shown on price tags.
- Mir and other Russian-issued cards don't work.
- Some shops and vending/transit systems are card-only; tap-to-pay works on many transit networks (e.g. NYC OMNY).
核实于 2026年10月29日 · 来源: cbp.gov ↗, usa.gov ↗, support.apple.com ↗
规定与禁令
禁止
- Cannabis on federal land, airports and across borders (and anywhere in non-legal states)
- Drinking alcohol in public in most places; open containers in cars
- Under-21 alcohol purchase or consumption
- Jaywalking is ticketed in some cities
- Drones near airports, national parks (banned) and over crowds
游客容易无意触犯的法律
- Laws vary by state (alcohol hours, cannabis, gun laws, speed limits).
- Always carry ID; bars check ID regardless of age.
- If stopped by police while driving, stay in the car with hands visible.
- VWP visitors can't work or extend their stay.
核实于 2026年10月29日 · 来源: gov.uk ↗
文化与着装
宗教: Predominantly Christian with large secular and diverse faith communities; no state religion.
着装: Casual almost everywhere; smart-casual for upscale restaurants. Indoor spaces are heavily air-conditioned — bring a layer.
礼仪
- Tip service staff — wages rely on it.
- Queue in line and respect personal space.
- Small talk and friendliness are normal; 'How are you?' is a greeting.
- Avoid politics with strangers.
核实于 2026年10月29日 · 来源: gov.uk ↗
气候
Huge variety: cold snowy winters in the north and Midwest, mild Pacific coast, hot humid South and Florida (hurricane season Jun–Nov), desert Southwest very hot in summer.
逐月
- 一月: Jan: cold in North (NYC ~-3–4°C); mild Florida/SoCal
- 二月: Feb: cold north; ski season
- 三月: Mar: thawing; spring breaks
- 四月: Apr: mild; blossom season
- 五月: May: pleasant nationwide
- 六月: Jun: warm; hurricane season begins
- 七月: Jul: hot, humid East/South; desert 40°C+
- 八月: Aug: hot; peak national park crowds
- 九月: Sep: warm; hurricane peak in South-East
- 十月: Oct: fall foliage in North-East, pleasant
- 十一月: Nov: cool; Thanksgiving travel peak
- 十二月: Dec: cold north; holiday season
最佳季节：April–June and September–October for most regions; winter for Florida, Hawaii and the Southwest.
核实于 2026年10月29日 · 来源: weather.gov ↗, nhc.noaa.gov ↗
要带的东西
- US plug adapter (type A/B); check devices support 120 V
- Printed/stored ESTA or visa details and return ticket
- Insurance documents
- Layers for air-conditioning
- Credit card for car rentals and hotel deposits
不要带 / 禁止携带入境
- Meat, fresh fruit, plants and seeds
- Cannabis or CBD products
- Kinder Surprise eggs (banned)
- Large knives or pepper spray in carry-on
实用信息
插座: Type A/B, 120 V, 60 Hz
饮用水: Tap water is safe to drink almost everywhere.
交通: 靠右行驶
手机与 eSIM: Prepaid SIM/eSIM from T-Mobile, AT&T or Verizon (and MVNOs) without ID in many stores; free Wi-Fi is common.
应用: Uber, Lyft, Google Maps, Transit, OpenTable, Yelp, Mobile Passport Control
互联网: No restrictions.
健康: No compulsory vaccinations for visitors. Medical costs are very high; emergency rooms must treat but will bill heavily.
保险: Not required for entry but essential; choose high medical limits and evacuation cover.
紧急电话: 911 — police, fire, ambulance
入境规定会变化。出发前请查看该国大使馆或移民局网站。