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Соединенные Штаты: что знать перед поездкой

Главное

  • Visa Waiver travellers need an approved ESTA before boarding — apply only at esta.cbp.dhs.gov (fee USD 40.62 since 16 Oct 2026); third-party sites charge much more.
  • Anyone who visited Cuba since 12 Jan 2021 (or Iran, Iraq, Syria, Sudan, Libya, Somalia, Yemen, North Korea since 2011) can't use ESTA and needs a visa.
  • Border officers may inspect phones and social media; refusal can lead to denied entry. The social-media question on ESTA is still optional (mandatory version proposed, not in force).
  • Medical care is extremely expensive — buy travel insurance with high medical limits (USD 500k+ recommended).
  • Cannabis is illegal under federal law (incl. airports and borders) even where states allow it; admitting use can lead to refusal.

Въезд и визы

UK and most EU citizens use the Visa Waiver Program: ESTA (USD 40.62, valid 2 years or until passport expiry) for stays up to 90 days. Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Ukraine, China, India, Turkey and UAE citizens need a B1/B2 visa (USD 185 application fee). A USD 250 'visa integrity fee' is legislated but, as of late Oct 2026, not yet collected. Chinese 10-year visa holders must update EVUS (USD 31.75).

Электронные анкеты и разрешения

  • ESTA (Electronic System for Travel Authorization) ↗ обязательно
    At least 72 hours before departure (ideally when booking) · Стоимость: USD 40.62 (from 16 Oct 2026) · Visa Waiver Program nationals (UK, most EU, etc.)
  • EVUS ↗ обязательно
    Before travel; valid 2 years or until visa/passport expiry · Стоимость: USD 31.75 · Chinese passport holders with a 10-year B1/B2 visa

Срок действия паспорта: Valid for the whole stay (VWP travellers need an e-passport). Many nationalities need 6 months beyond the stay.

На границе могут спросить

  • Fingerprints and photo taken; answer questions about purpose, address and return ticket.
  • Check your I-94 record online after entry to confirm your admitted-until date.
  • Officers may examine electronic devices.

Таможня

  • Declare cash or monetary instruments over USD 10,000.
  • Declare all food, plants and animal products; meat, fresh fruit and many dairy items are prohibited — undeclared items bring fines.
  • Don't bring cannabis or CBD products, even if legal at origin or destination state.
  • Prescription medicines in original containers; carry the prescription.

Проверено 29 октября 2026 г. · Источники: esta.cbp.dhs.gov ↗, travel.state.gov ↗, cbp.gov ↗, ivisa.com ↗, countrypilot.info ↗, gov.uk ↗

Деньги

Картой можно платить почти везде. Карты принимают почти везде.

Платёжные системы: Visa, Mastercard, Amex, Diners, JCB, UnionPay

Apple Pay — работает · Google Pay — работает

Где выгодно менять

  • Withdraw USD from bank ATMs (Chase, Bank of America, Wells Fargo, etc.) with a low-fee card
  • Pay by card everywhere — most places are cashless-friendly

Где лучше не менять

  • Airport currency kiosks
  • Exchanging cash at US banks (often only for account holders, poor rates)
  • Dynamic currency conversion

Банкоматы: ATM owners charge USD 3–6 per withdrawal plus your bank's fee; stand-alone ATMs in shops/bars charge the most.

Чаевые: Expected: 18–22% at sit-down restaurants and bars (USD 1–2 per drink), 15–20% taxis/rideshare, USD 2–5/night housekeeping. Sales tax is added at checkout, not shown on price tags.

  • Mir and other Russian-issued cards don't work.
  • Some shops and vending/transit systems are card-only; tap-to-pay works on many transit networks (e.g. NYC OMNY).

Проверено 29 октября 2026 г. · Источники: cbp.gov ↗, usa.gov ↗

Правила и запреты

Запрещено

  • Cannabis on federal land, airports and across borders (and anywhere in non-legal states)
  • Drinking alcohol in public in most places; open containers in cars
  • Under-21 alcohol purchase or consumption
  • Jaywalking is ticketed in some cities
  • Drones near airports, national parks (banned) and over crowds

Законы, которые туристы нарушают по незнанию

  • Laws vary by state (alcohol hours, cannabis, gun laws, speed limits).
  • Always carry ID; bars check ID regardless of age.
  • If stopped by police while driving, stay in the car with hands visible.
  • VWP visitors can't work or extend their stay.

Проверено 29 октября 2026 г. · Источники: gov.uk ↗

Культура и одежда

Религия: Predominantly Christian with large secular and diverse faith communities; no state religion.

Одежда: Casual almost everywhere; smart-casual for upscale restaurants. Indoor spaces are heavily air-conditioned — bring a layer.

Этикет

  • Tip service staff — wages rely on it.
  • Queue in line and respect personal space.
  • Small talk and friendliness are normal; 'How are you?' is a greeting.
  • Avoid politics with strangers.

Проверено 29 октября 2026 г. · Источники: gov.uk ↗

Климат

Huge variety: cold snowy winters in the north and Midwest, mild Pacific coast, hot humid South and Florida (hurricane season Jun–Nov), desert Southwest very hot in summer.

По месяцам
  • январь: Jan: cold in North (NYC ~-3–4°C); mild Florida/SoCal
  • февраль: Feb: cold north; ski season
  • март: Mar: thawing; spring breaks
  • апрель: Apr: mild; blossom season
  • май: May: pleasant nationwide
  • июнь: Jun: warm; hurricane season begins
  • июль: Jul: hot, humid East/South; desert 40°C+
  • август: Aug: hot; peak national park crowds
  • сентябрь: Sep: warm; hurricane peak in South-East
  • октябрь: Oct: fall foliage in North-East, pleasant
  • ноябрь: Nov: cool; Thanksgiving travel peak
  • декабрь: Dec: cold north; holiday season

Лучший сезон: April–June and September–October for most regions; winter for Florida, Hawaii and the Southwest.

Проверено 29 октября 2026 г. · Источники: weather.gov ↗, nhc.noaa.gov ↗

Что взять

  • US plug adapter (type A/B); check devices support 120 V
  • Printed/stored ESTA or visa details and return ticket
  • Insurance documents
  • Layers for air-conditioning
  • Credit card for car rentals and hotel deposits

Что не брать и нельзя ввозить

  • Meat, fresh fruit, plants and seeds
  • Cannabis or CBD products
  • Kinder Surprise eggs (banned)
  • Large knives or pepper spray in carry-on

Практичное

Розетки: Type A/B, 120 V, 60 Hz

Вода: Tap water is safe to drink almost everywhere.

Движение: правостороннее

Связь и eSIM: Prepaid SIM/eSIM from T-Mobile, AT&T or Verizon (and MVNOs) without ID in many stores; free Wi-Fi is common.

Приложения: Uber, Lyft, Google Maps, Transit, OpenTable, Yelp, Mobile Passport Control

Интернет: No restrictions.

Здоровье: No compulsory vaccinations for visitors. Medical costs are very high; emergency rooms must treat but will bill heavily.

Страховка: Not required for entry but essential; choose high medical limits and evacuation cover.

Экстренные службы: 911 — police, fire, ambulance

Проверено 29 октября 2026 г. · Источники: gov.uk ↗, cbp.gov ↗

Правила въезда меняются. Перед поездкой сверьтесь с сайтом посольства или миграционной службы страны.