atlas•

德国：出发前须知

要点

  • Germany is still more cash-oriented than its neighbours: many bakeries, kiosks, beer gardens and small restaurants take cash only.
  • Most city centres are low-emission zones: cars need a green "Umweltplakette" sticker.
  • Nazi symbols and the Hitler salute are crimes, including as a joke.
  • Schengen EES applies on arrival; ETIAS is not yet live.

入境与签证

Germany is in the Schengen area. Non-EU visitors are registered in the EU Entry/Exit System (EES) on first entry: fingerprints and a facial photo, no passport stamps. Visa-free visitors may stay 90 days in any 180 across all Schengen states. ETIAS is not operating yet: its launch is now expected in 2027, so ignore sites selling "ETIAS" approvals.

护照有效期: Non-EU passports: valid at least 3 months after you leave the Schengen area and issued within the last 10 years.

边检可能要求

  • EES registration at the first Schengen border: fingerprints and face photo (children under 12 give no fingerprints). Allow extra time at passport control.
  • Border guards may ask for a return ticket, accommodation proof, travel insurance and funds for your stay.
  • Your 90/180 days are counted across all Schengen states together; use the EU short-stay calculator to check.

海关

  • From outside the EU: 200 cigarettes, 1 L spirits or 2 L fortified wine, 4 L wine, 16 L beer; other goods up to EUR 430 by air/sea (EUR 300 by land).
  • Personal imports of meat, milk and dairy products from non-EU countries are banned (small exceptions for infant food and medical needs).
  • Declare cash of EUR 10,000 or more (or equivalent) when entering or leaving the EU.
  • Prescription medicines: carry the prescription; narcotic or psychotropic medicines need a Schengen certificate (Article 75) or a doctor's letter.

核实于 2026年10月29日 · 来源: home-affairs.ec.europa.eu ↗, travel-europe.europa.eu ↗, home-affairs.ec.europa.eu ↗, home-affairs.ec.europa.eu ↗, taxation-customs.ec.europa.eu ↗, finance.ec.europa.eu ↗, gov.pl ↗

钱

现金和银行卡都常用. 银行卡几乎处处可用.

支付网络：Visa, Mastercard

Apple Pay — 可用 · Google Pay — 可用

哪里换钱划算

  • Withdraw euros from a bank-owned ATM in town, or bring euros from home.
  • Pay by card or phone in euros; contactless is near-universal.
  • Withdraw at Sparkasse, Volksbank, Deutsche Bank or Commerzbank ATMs; the fee, if any, is shown first.

哪里不宜换钱

  • Airport and station exchange bureaux (poor rates, high commission).
  • Independent ATMs such as Euronet in tourist zones: high fees and currency-conversion offers.
  • Exchange bureaux at airports and main stations.

自动取款机: Bank ATMs may charge foreign cards a few euros; the amount is shown before you confirm. Choose to be charged in euros.

小费: Round up or add 5-10% and tell the server the total when paying ("30, bitte"), rather than leaving money on the table.

  • When a card terminal or ATM offers to charge you in your home currency, decline and pay in local currency: dynamic currency conversion adds roughly 3-10%.
  • Cards issued by Russian banks (Visa, Mastercard and Mir) do not work here because of sanctions; bring enough cash or a card from a non-Russian bank.
  • Card and phone payment is now common in cities, but carry EUR 50-100 cash for small shops, markets and rural areas. Amex is often refused.

核实于 2026年10月29日 · 来源: germany.travel ↗, gov.uk ↗, bundesbank.de ↗, support.apple.com ↗

规定与禁令

禁止

  • Showing Nazi symbols or giving the Hitler salute: criminal offence, prison possible.
  • Driving into an Umweltzone without a green sticker: EUR 100 fine.
  • Riding public transport without a valid (and, where needed, stamped) ticket: EUR 60 fine.
  • Crossing on a red pedestrian light: fines, and locals disapprove.
  • Walking or standing in marked bike lanes; cyclists have priority.
  • Cannabis: adults may carry up to 25 g, but not near schools, playgrounds or in pedestrian zones during the day.
  • Drones near airports, crowds, federal roads and government buildings are prohibited.

游客容易无意触犯的法律

  • Carry your passport; police may check ID.
  • Quiet hours: Sundays and public holidays, and nightly from 22:00.
  • Drink-drive limit 0.5 g/l; zero for new drivers and under-21s.
  • No general speed limit on some Autobahn sections, but limits apply widely; winter tyres required in wintry conditions.

核实于 2026年10月29日 · 来源: gov.uk ↗, umweltbundesamt.de ↗, bundesgesundheitsministerium.de ↗, bundesgesundheitsministerium.de ↗, gov.uk ↗

文化与着装

宗教: Christian (Catholic and Protestant) with a large non-religious population and a Muslim minority.

着装: Practical and casual; smart-casual for good restaurants and the opera. Nudity is normal in saunas (no swimsuits).

礼仪

  • Be punctual.
  • Shops close on Sundays; plan groceries for Saturday.
  • Recycle bottles: a deposit ("Pfand") is refunded at supermarket machines.
  • Say "Guten Tag" entering shops and "Prost" with eye contact when toasting.
  • Use formal "Sie" with people you do not know.

核实于 2026年10月29日 · 来源: germany.travel ↗, gov.uk ↗

气候

Temperate: cold winters, warm summers, rain year-round; colder in the Alps and east. Figures are Berlin average highs/lows.

逐月
  • 一月: Jan: 3/-2°C, cold, dark
  • 二月: Feb: 5/-1°C, cold
  • 三月: Mar: 9/1°C, chilly
  • 四月: Apr: 15/4°C, mild, changeable
  • 五月: May: 19/9°C, pleasant
  • 六月: Jun: 22/12°C, warm
  • 七月: Jul: 25/14°C, warm, thunderstorms
  • 八月: Aug: 24/14°C, warm
  • 九月: Sep: 19/10°C, mild; Oktoberfest begins
  • 十月: Oct: 14/6°C, cool, autumn colours
  • 十一月: Nov: 8/3°C, grey
  • 十二月: Dec: 4/0°C, cold; Christmas markets

最佳季节：May-September; late November-December for Christmas markets.

核实于 2026年10月29日 · 来源: dwd.de ↗, germany.travel ↗

要带的东西

  • Some euro cash and coins
  • Rain jacket and layers
  • Type F plug adapter (230 V)
  • Warm coat, hat and gloves in winter
  • Comfortable shoes

不要带 / 禁止携带入境

  • Clothing with Nazi or extremist symbols.
  • Meat and dairy from outside the EU.
  • Relying only on Amex or credit cards in small towns.

实用信息

插座: Type F (Type C fits); 230 V, 50 Hz

饮用水: Tap water is safe and high quality; restaurants usually serve bottled water only.

交通: 靠右行驶

手机与 eSIM: EU roaming: SIMs from any EU/EEA country work at home prices (fair-use limits). Ukrainian and Moldovan SIMs too since 1 Jan 2026. Swiss, UK, Serbian and other non-EU SIMs pay roaming; an eSIM data plan is cheaper.

应用: DB Navigator, BVG (Berlin) / MVV (Munich), FreeNow / Uber, Too Good To Go

互联网: Mobile coverage has gaps on trains and in rural areas; free Wi-Fi on ICE trains and in many cafés.

健康: EU/EEA/Swiss and UK (GHIC) cardholders get state healthcare at local rates with their EHIC/GHIC. Others pay in full, so bring insurance. Pharmacies (green cross) handle minor issues.

保险: Schengen visa applicants must hold travel medical insurance of at least EUR 30,000 valid in all Schengen states. Everyone else: strongly advised.

紧急电话: 112 fire/ambulance, 110 police

核实于 2026年10月29日 · 来源: europa.eu ↗, europa.eu ↗, digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu ↗, gov.uk ↗

入境规定会变化。出发前请查看该国大使馆或移民局网站。